Semaglutide is the drug that turned medical weight loss into the fastest-growing category in aesthetic medicine. Sold as Wegovy (FDA-approved for weight loss) and Ozempic (approved for type 2 diabetes, widely used off-label), it’s a GLP-1 receptor agonist — a weekly injection that mimics a natural gut hormone to reduce appetite, slow stomach emptying, and quiet the “food noise” that undermines dieting.
How it works
GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is a hormone your gut releases after eating. Semaglutide mimics it at much higher, longer-lasting levels: you feel full sooner, stay full longer, and think about food less. In the pivotal STEP 1 trial, patients on the full dose lost an average of about 15% of their body weight over 68 weeks — results that had never been seen from a medication before GLP-1s arrived.
Treatment starts at a low dose (0.25 mg weekly) and escalates over roughly four months to the target dose, which keeps side effects — mainly nausea — manageable.
What treatment actually looks like
A legitimate program starts with bloodwork and a medical history review, then a prescription with monthly-ish check-ins as your dose escalates. The injection itself is a small subcutaneous pen or syringe you administer yourself once a week — most patients describe it as painless.
Plan on 12–18 months minimum. Most weight comes off in the first six to twelve; after that, you and your provider decide between a maintenance dose or a supervised off-ramp.
The honest trade-offs
- It works while you take it. Stop, and roughly two-thirds of the weight typically returns within a year. This is a long-term therapy, not a 90-day fix.
- Nausea is real during dose increases, though it fades for most people.
- “Ozempic face.” Losing 15% of your body weight includes your face — many patients pair GLP-1 treatment with dermal fillers or Sculptra to restore facial volume, and with CoolSculpting or Emsculpt NEO for stubborn areas and skin tone after stabilizing.
- Sourcing matters more than ever. After the FDA declared the semaglutide shortage over in 2025, the rules around compounded versions tightened sharply. Ask any provider exactly what they’re dispensing and where it comes from.
Semaglutide vs. tirzepatide
The other major GLP-1, tirzepatide (Zepbound/Mounjaro), targets two hormone pathways instead of one and beat semaglutide head-to-head in the 2025 SURMOUNT-5 trial (~20% vs ~14% average loss). Semaglutide counters with a longer track record, broader insurance coverage, and often lower cash prices. Read our full semaglutide vs. tirzepatide comparison before deciding.